Journal Articles: General Reference Format
Print journal article:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), start page-end page.
Note: The volume number of the journal is italicised, but not the issue.
Electronic journal article with a DOI:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Journal, xx(x), pp-pp. https://doi.org/xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Journal, xx(x), pp-pp. doi:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Note: The volume number of the journal is italicised, but not the issue.
Electronic journal article without a DOI:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx(x), pp-pp. Retrieved from http://xxxx
Note: If the journal article does not have a DOI, give the URL of the journal's home page.
In-text citation:
(Author, date)
Note: If citing a quotation, then include a page number or range of page numbers in-text: (Author, date, pp).
Journal Articles: Sample References
| Source | In-text Reference | End-text Reference (reference lists require hanging indent) |
| Journal article with a DOI | (Smith & Li, 2010) |
Smith, G. M., & Li, Q. (2010). The role of occupation in an integrated boycott model: A cross-regional study in China. Journal of Global Marketing, 23(2), 109-126. doi:10.1080/08911761003673421
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Journal article with no DOI
|
(Panoyan, Lee, Arar, Abboud, & Arar, 2008)
|
Panoyan, L., Lee, S., Arar, R., Abboud, H., & Arar, N. (2008). The informed consent process in genetic family studies. Genomics, Society and Policy, 4(2), 11-20. Retrieved from http://www.gspjournal.com/
Note: Use the URL of the journal home page (you may need to search the web for this information).
|
| Journal article: Print |
(Giroux, 2000) |
Giroux, H. (2000). Public pedagogy as cultural politics: Stuart Hall and the ‘crisis’ of culture. Cultural Studies, 14(2), 341-360.
|
| Journal article: one author and a DOI |
(Stultz, 2006) |
Stultz, J. (2006). Integrating exposure therapy and analytical therapy in trauma treatment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(4), 482-488. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482
|
| Journal article: two authors and a DOI |
(Smith & Li, 2010) |
Smith, G. M., & Li, Q. (2010). The role of occupation in an integrated boycott model: A cross-regional study in China. Journal of Global Marketing, 23(2),109-126. doi:10.1080/08911761003673421
|
| Journal article: three to five authors and a DOI |
(Borman, Hanson, Oppler, Pulakos, & White, 1993)
|
Borman, W. C., Hanson, M. A., Oppler, S. H., Pulakos, E. D., & White, L. A. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(3), 443-449. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.78.3.438
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| Journal article: six authors and a URL |
(Dietz et al., 2007) Dietz et al. (2007) |
Dietz, P. M., Williams, S. B., Callaghan, W. M., Bachman, D. J., Whitlock, E. P., & Hornbrook, M. C. (2007). Clinically identified maternal depression before, during, and after pregnancies ending in live births. American Journal of Psychiatry, 164(10), 1515-1520. Retrieved from http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/
|
| Journal article: seven authors and a DOI |
(Delfabbro et al., 2006) Delfabbro et al. (2006) |
Delfabbro, P., Winefield, T., Trainor, S., Dollard, M., Anderson, S., Metzer, J., & Hammarstrom, A. (2006). Peer and teacher bullying/victimization of South Australian secondary school students: Prevalence and psychosocial profiles. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(1), 71-90. doi:10.1348/000709904 X24645
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Journal article: eight or more authors and a DOI
|
(White et al., 2008) |
White, K. M., Robinson, N. G., Young, R. M., Anderson, P. J., Hyde, M. K., Greenbank, S., . . . Baskerville, D. (2008). Testing an extended theory of planned behaviour to predict young people's sun safety in a high risk area. British Journal of Health Psychology, 13(3), 435-448. doi:10.1348/135910707X210004
Note: If there are eight or more authors, include the first six authors, followed by an ellipsis ( . . . ) then the last author's name.
|
| Journal article available online ahead of publication |
(Mihrshahi & Baur, 2018) |
Mihrshahi, S., & Baur, L. A. (2018). What exposures in early life are risk factors for childhood obesity? Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14195
Note: If you are citing an advance release version of the article, insert Advance online publication before the doi if there is one or before the retrieval statement.
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| Journal article: Author anonymous | (Anonymous, 2013) |
Anonymous. (2013). Dealing with the unpredictable. The Clinical Teacher,10(6), 409-410. doi:10.1111/tct.12068
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Journal article: Title includes the title of another work
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(Rollin, 1990) |
Rollin, L. (1990). The reproduction of mothering in “Charlotte’s web.” Children’s Literature, 18(1), 42-52. doi:10.1353/chl.0. 0201
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| Cochrane review | (Shaw, O'Rourke, Del Mar, & Kenardy, 2005) |
Shaw, K., O'Rourke, P., Del Mar, C., & Kenardy, J. (2005). Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2005(2), 1-74. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003818.pub2
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| Abstract |
(Wolff, 1995) |
Wolff, S. (1995). The concept of resilience [Abstract]. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 29(4), 565.
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Journal Articles: Things to Remember
Authors' names: Authors' names should always be Surname, Initial. Initial. e.g. Smith, L. M.
Italics and Capitalization: The title of an article is not italicised and is written in sentence case. This means that only the first word of the title, subtitle and proper nouns are capitalised. However, the title of the journals or newspapers that the article is found in are italicised and written in title case which means that the main words are capitalised. The volume number of a journal is italicised, but not the issue.
What is a DOI?
A digital object identifier (DOI) is a unique code used to identify content and provide a persistent link to a document on the internet. A publisher assigns a DOI when a journal article is published and made available electronically.
Include a DOI for all electronic publications at the end of your reference, if one exists. If a DOI doesn't exist, then include the URL.
Display the DOI in either of the following formats. The active URL link is preferred to the shorter form, but either formats are acceptable for APA style:
doi:10.1037/rmh0000008
https://doi.org/10.5468/ogs.2016.59.1.1
For further information, refer to Crossref:
Where to Find the DOI
A DOI can be found:
- on the first page of a journal article;
- in the database record of the source, or
- online through Crossref's DOI resolver at
https://www.crossref.org/
Crossref Search: https://search.crossref.org/
Note: not all journal articles have a DOI.
Journal Article Reference
Journal Article Reference
Learn how to format references for journal articles, including those published in print, online, or retrieved from research databases.
Academic Writer
© 2016 American Psychological Association.
Electronic Sources & Locator Information
Electronic Sources and Locator Information
Learn how to use the two types of electronic retrieval information found in references, digital object identifiers (DOIs) and uniform resource locators (URLs), including how to cite documents retrieved from research databases and websites.
Academic Writer
© 2016 American Psychological Association.