When including a figure or table from another source in your work, it is important to include appropriate citations. Any image or illustration in APA is treated as either a table or a figure. See APA Style Blog, Figures and Tables.
If the figure is not your own work, it requires a caption and acknowledgement of the source. Refer to the figure in your work by using the figure number.
In-text citation example for a reproduced figure:
As Figure 1 shows, ...
As represented in Figure 2, ...
A caption for figures should include:
Note: Coursework students, please check with your lecturer to see how much detail they require.
Format for an image reproduced from a webpage:
Figure X. Descriptive phrase that serves as title and description. From (or Adapted from) "Title of Web Document," by A. A. Author, Date (URL). Copyright [year] by Name of Copyright Holder. Permission statement.
Example (journal article source):
Figure 6. Adapted from “A Conceptual Validation Study of the Texture Response on the Rorschach," by A. Marsh and D. J. Viglione, 1992, Journal of Personality Assessment, 58(3), p. 576. Copyright 1992 by Society for Personality Assessments.
Tables should include:
The end-text reference only gives the details of the source, i.e. the book, journal article, or webpage where you found the figure or table.
Example: Assael, M. J. (1998). Thermophysical properties of fluids. London: Imperial College Press.
If you have created a table using information from multiple sources, you might wonder how to cite those sources properly. How you cite sources depends on the context. An explanation (with examples) can be found on the APA style blog: Navigating Copyright: How to Cite Sources in a Table. This blog is written by staff of the American Psychological Association, the body that produced the APA Style Guide.
Source | Caption |
In-text and End-text References
(reference lists require hanging indent) |
Image or photograph from a website (adapted)
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[image] Figure 18. Detail of a pendant in a 15th century painting, intended to signify the virtue of the subject. From "Margaret of Austria," by J. Hey, [ca. 1490] (https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/459072). In the public domain.
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In-text
Figure 18 shows one such visual symbol of a concept...
End-text reference
Hey, J. [ca. 1490]. Margaret of Austria [Painting]. Retrieved from https://www.metmuseum.org
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Image or photograph from a website (reproduced in full)
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[image] Figure 2. Yellow-bellied marmot pups. Image from "File:Yellow-bellied Marmot pups - Kamloops,BC..jpg," by A. Vernon, 2007 (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yellow-bellied_Marmot_pups_-_Kamloops,_BC..jpg). Copyright 2007 by Alan Vernon. CC BY 2.0: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/
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In-text
For examples of this feature, see Figures 2, 3, and 4.
End-text reference
Vernon, A. (2007). File:Yellow-bellied Marmot pups - Kamloops, BC..jpg. Retrieved from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yellow-bellied_Marmot_pups_-_Kamloops,_BC..jpg
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Table |
Table 12 Effects of Sleep Deprivation on New Item Recognition [table] Note. Adapted from "The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Item and Associative Recognition Memory," by R. Ratcliff and H. P. A. Van Dongen, 2018, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(2), p. 196. Copyright 2018 by the American Psychological Association. |
In-text
Sleep deprivation has been shown to have an effect on recognition of new stimuli, as shown in Table 12.
End-text reference
Ratcliff, R., & Van Dongen, H. P. A. (2018). The effects of sleep deprivation on item and associative recognition memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44(2), 193-208. https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0000452
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Note that for some purposes, your unit coordinator might prefer an abbreviated form of these captions. Please refer to your unit coordinator or unit plan for exact instructions for a particular assignment.
Source | In-text References |
End-text References
(reference lists require hanging indent) |
Figure in a book
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(Pear, 2001, Figure 7.5) Note: Use the basic author/year mention, with an added entry about the figure being referred to.
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Pear, J. (2001). The science of learning. Philadelphia, PA: Psychology Press.
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Image in a book
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... the painting by Ocampo (Seckel, 2004, Mona Lisa’s Chair, p. 221) ... Ocampo's painting Mona Lisa’s Chair (Seckel, 2004, p. 221) is known as....
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Seckel, A. (2004). Masters of deception: Escher, Dali and the artists of optical illusion. London, England: Sterling Publishing.
Note: The end text reference only gives the details of the source material.
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Image or Photograph from a webpage |
(Westinghouse Electric Corporation, 2009) |
Westinghouse Electric Corporation. (2009). Lightning model [Photograph]. Retrieved from http://photography.nationalgeographic.com/photography/photo-of-the-day/lightning-model-pod-best09/
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Table in a book |
(Sousa, 2008, Table 4.2) Note: Use the basic author/year mention, with an added entry about the figure being referred to.
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Sousa, D. A. (2008). How the brain learns mathematics. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
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Edith Cowan University acknowledges and respects the Noongar people, who are
the traditional custodians of the land upon which its campuses stand and its programs
operate.
In particular ECU pays its respects to the Elders, past and present, of the Noongar
people, and embrace their culture, wisdom and knowledge.