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Copyright: Licensing & DRM

Licensed Content

Digital materials like streaming music and film, and particularly software, often come with different rights than if you had purchased a physical copy of the same work of media. It is important to understand were your content comes from, and how you access it, as this can affect how you can use it.

Purchasers of physical media like DVDs and books do not directly Infringe on Copyright by re-selling their copy (only Publishing or Communicating new copies of the work may Infringe Copyright owner rights.) However, digital media works often Licensed instead of sold, which means your rights are different, and are restricted under the Terms of Service.

With digital and streaming media, you are generally hiring a service, rather than purchasing the material outright. This service may be discontinued, or in extreme cases, material you had downloaded to a device, remotely deleted.

Thus it is important to be aware of the licensing agreements you agree to access and use material under.

Note: US law (along with some other jurisdictions) have an established "First-sale doctrine" which grant the owner of the copy direct rights to re-sale, and may (yet) be developed into a secondary digital market. 

For example, our Library eBooks are licensed for a limited number of users at a time, for limited loan periods, as defined by the Publishers who sell us access.

Copying

Whilst copying digital media is relatively easy, most Copyright Licenses do not permit this use of their material. Of course, there are a number of exemptions to these restrictions, such as the mechanical reproductions required by computer systems, and some format- and time-shifting, however, these are limited uses (even when not curtailed by DRM).

This means that when using digital materials, copying and format-shifting many digital works is curtailed in ways Australia's Copyright Act 1968 should allow for. A print book may be able to have sections copied to a Learning Management System (LMS) like Blackboard, however, the license of an eBook may not allow for that use. Format-shifting a YouTube video to an offline file for use in a presentation may also be a breech of the license agreement.

Digital Rights Management (DRM)

DRM are technologies used by content owners to restrict the ways users can access and manage their copyrighted works. This may entail region-locked DVDs, or software programs which must make periodic authorisation calls to an online server in order to continue functioning.

As these are Licensed copies and not purchased items, DRM can impinge upon your standard rights under Copyright, such as making a back-up copy of a CD for personal use.

Under Australian law, it is illegal to circumvent any DRM.

Note: DRM is the reason your Library's eBooks require Adobe Digital Editions, and the way they automatically "return" from your device at the end of your loan period. This is also how the different licensed loan periods (1 day, 7 days, etc.) are enforced.